which should be translated `it is evident', as in Galatians 3:11; our concern

is with the words that are used in relation to the hope that lies before the

believer.  We are not concerned with `revelation' as the utterance of an

oracle, as Luke 2:26, but only with its use in connection with the hope and

the Second Coming of Christ.  Both words `manifest' and `reveal' suggest

something hidden, but the figure underlying the words derived from phaneroo,

`to be made manifest', is that of light, whereas the figure underlying the

words derived from apokalupto, `to be revealed', is that of a veil.  There

are two passages of Scripture that state in plain terms the relationship of

`manifestation' with light.

`Every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the

light, lest his deeds should be reproved (margin, "discovered"

elegcho).  But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds

may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God' (John 3:20,21).

`Have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather

reprove them ... things ... done ... in secret (krupto, to hide).  But

all things that are reproved (margin "discovered", elegcho) are made

manifest by the light: for whatsoever doth make manifest is light'

(Eph. 5:11 -13).

Two passages that we have in mind particularly are Colossians 3:4 and Titus

`When Christ, Who is our life, shall appear, then shall ye also appear

with Him in glory'.

`Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great

God and our Saviour Jesus Christ'.

Here the verb phaneroo is translated `appear' and the A.V. uses

`appear' and `manifest' interchangeably.  It seems that we should come to

some conclusion as to the choice of word for the translation of phaneroo, for

the two English words `appear' and `manifest' are not strictly synonymous.

We cannot entirely disassociate a sense of movement with the word `appear',

neither can we completely set aside the thought of an `appearance' in its

twofold sense.  In the passages where phaneroo occurs, there is no sense of

movement, but rather of something being made clear and visible by a beam of

light.  There is attached to the word `manifest', ideas relating to evidence

and proof, as we have already seen by comparing 1 Corinthians 15:27 with

Galatians 3:11.  The English word `appear' means primarily `to become

visible', the English word `manifest' primarily means `to be palpable', and

hence a `manifesto', a proof, hence, of evidence, a public declaration, but

in no sense an `appearing' or an `appearance'.  The intention of John 3:21 or

Ephesians 5:13, is something deeper than mere appearance, but we may never

find a word in our language that will entirely rid it of some measure of

ambiguity.  We must accept this limitation of speech, and avoid drawing

erroneous conclusions.  The epistle to the Colossians contains another

passage where the words `hid' and `manifest' are found, and which must be

included in those passages that provide us with evidence of the meaning of

terms employed.

`Even the Mystery which hath been Hid from ages and from generations,

but now is made Manifest to His saints' (Col. 1:26).

The value of this reference is that it links up with a parallel passage in